Jin Province.

A few days later, Chen Fan arrived at Taiyuan University in Jin Province.

The reason why I came to Jin Province was not to Shaanxi Province, where the Qin State was located.

This is because.

If you want to talk about great unification, you can't just talk about the Qin State.

Before the rise of the Qin State, many other countries among the Seven Heroes of the Warring States had a great chance of unifying the Six Kingdoms.

And during the Warring States Period, the first one with the greatest chance of unifying the six countries was the Wei State.

As for why.

That is, Wei was the first country to implement the reform of the law during the Warring States Period, and it was successful.

Meantime.

Wei was also the first hegemon of the Warring States period.

"Wow, Teacher Chen Fan has come to our Jin Province."

"Ah, didn't you talk about the Qin State, why did you go to Jin Province?"

"Although the Qin State is very strong, our Jin State also has a long history. Teacher Chen Fan said that if it weren't for the three divisions of Jin, the Jin Kingdom would probably dominate the world. ”

"Cut, I want to see what's special in Jin Province."

For Jin Province, many people do not have a great impression of him.

After all.

Compared to the State of Qi, the State of Chu, and the State of Qin...... Jin Guo doesn't seem to be particularly powerful.

But in fact.

Whether it was in the Spring and Autumn Period or the Warring States Period, he was very powerful.

Take the Spring and Autumn Period, for example.

The Jin Wen Gong of the Jin State was the second hegemon of the Spring and Autumn Period.

This is also the hegemon that everyone recognizes in history.

As for the king of Chuzhuang, Qin Mugong, Song Xianggong, Wu Wang Lu, and Yue Wang Goujian...... There is a great deal of controversy.

Other than that.

If it is calculated according to the alliance of the princes of the Central Plains, not only the Duke of Jin Wen is the second hegemon, but also the third hegemon and the fourth hegemon, all of which are of the Jin State.

"The Reborn Financial Giant"

As for the reason.

That is, the Jin State was also very powerful after Duke Wen of Jin, and it also united a number of vassal states to form an alliance and became the leader of the alliance.

As for what Qin Mugong, Song Xianggong, and King Chuzhuang are like...... None of them were recognized by most of the vassal states.

And Qin Mugong only dominates Xirong, strictly speaking, he can't become the overlord.

As for Song Xianggong.

That's completely parallel import, if you really want to say it, it's a little embarrassing to say that he's the overlord.

Reluctantly, King Chuzhuang fought the Central Plains to all countries, and it can be said that he is one of the five hegemons of the Spring and Autumn Period.

The king of Wu in the back was all wiped out by Gou Jian, saying that he was the overlord, which was a bit embarrassing.

and then the king of Yue, Goujian, to be honest, his position as the overlord was not recognized by everyone.

Of course.

This is all in the spring and autumn period.

Enter the Sengoku period.

The Jin Kingdom was also very powerful.

All right.

After entering the Warring States, the Jin Kingdom was gone.

He was divided into three countries, namely Wei, Zhao, and Han.

Today.

Before talking about the unification of the Qin State, Chen Fan started with Wei, Zhaohan, and Han.

……

"Hello students, this is the first time I came to Taiyuan University, unlike many famous schools, when I stepped into Taiyuan University, I felt the smell of the soil under my feet. He's unlike any other place, like the land I live in. During the Spring and Autumn period, he called it Jin. Until now, Jin is still our abbreviation here. ”

As before, Chen Fan gave a lecture at Taiyuan University this time.

At the same time.

A series of media in Jin Province, including CCTV media, joined forces to broadcast Chen Fan's lecture live.

As for why it's so grand.

In fact, this is also a routine operation.

Because that's been the way before.

And why has it been done all the time before.

That is exactly what Chen Fan said, and it has absolute historical and cultural value.

Just as Chen Fan talked about the state of Chu and the country of Qi before...... All of them have brought a huge historical and cultural heritage to the local area.

"Previously, we talked about the Jin Wen Gong who dominated the world during the Spring and Autumn Period, but there is no eternal overlord in the world. In the Warring States Period, Zhao Xiangzi, Wei Hengzi, and Han Kangzi staged a coup d'état, so far the three families were divided into Jin, and the Jin State was also divided into Wei, Zhao, and Korea. In other words, the division of the three families is a sign of the Spring and Autumn Period entering the Warring States Period. ”

The division of time from the Spring and Autumn Period to the Warring States Period is actually controversial.

However, most people believe that the division of the three families is a sign of the Spring and Autumn Period entering the Warring States Period.

"Although the Jin Kingdom is divided into three, the strength that the Jin Kingdom has accumulated before is still very strong. Therefore, even if the Jin Kingdom is divided into three, the three countries of Wei, Zhao and Han are still one of the Seven Heroes of the Warring States. However, after entering the Warring States period, the vassal states of the Warring States period also clearly felt the external pressure. Unlike the Spring and Autumn Period, the Spring and Autumn Period may also talk about some etiquette and morality. However, in the Warring States period, or the late Spring and Autumn period, various countries began to feel great pressure. At this time, various countries no longer talk about etiquette and morality, and in such an era, if you are not careful, your country may be destroyed by other countries. ”

Therefore, after entering the Warring States, the vassal states wanted to seek to change the law, in order to make the country stronger. The Wei State was the first to change the law during the Warring States Period. Through the reform of the law, the Wei State quickly became strong and became the first hegemon of the Warring States Period. ”

Yes.

If it is said that the first hegemon in the Spring and Autumn Period was the Qi State.

So.

The first hegemon in the Warring States Period, that is the Wei State.

Why would it be the State of Wei.

That is because the Wei State implemented the law change.

This change is called Li Kui's change.

"So, here's a question, why is it the first change in the Wei State?"

Then.

Chen Fan asked a question.

Subsequently.

A map was shown on the big screen: "This is a map of the Warring States period, and we can see that the territory where the Wei State is located is near our Jin Province." In the later period, the territory of Wei expanded eastward, reaching the vicinity of Central Plains Province. Even, later, the capital of Wei was set up in Liangcheng, which is near the current Kaifeng. But no matter how Wei expanded his territory, you can see that he was always surrounded by various countries. ”

"There are Zhao and Yan in the north, Great Qi in the east, Chu in the south, Qin and Xirong in the west. Even if it is to combine Wei, Zhao, and South Korea, he is surrounded by many great powers. Such a geographical environment determines that he will always be at war. Because no matter which great power wants to fight for hegemony, he must pass through here. Therefore, if Wei wants not to be destroyed, it must be strong. If it is slightly weaker, it is very likely to be destroyed by the surrounding powers. For this reason, Wei has an urgent need for law change more than any other country. ”

This is determined by the location of the territory, and it is also determined by nature.

As for why other big countries are not in a hurry to change the law, it is also determined by the territory.

Like Qi country.

He is by the sea to the east, so there is no need to guard against anyone in the east.

Equally.

The same is true of the state of Chu.

To the south of Chu are some small South Vietnamese countries, and even some tribes, so they don't need to be guarded against.

The same is true of the state of Qin.

After the Qin State solved the Yiqu, he didn't need to take much precautions on his back.

But Wei is not like this.

He is simply east, west, north, south, front and back, all surrounded by various powers.

In such a position, I can't even sleep.

"The three families were divided into Jin, and after it was passed to Wei Wenhou, Wei Wenhou used Li Kui to implement the reform. Li Kui believed that in order for Wei to become strong, first, it was necessary to abolish the hereditary system of slavery. Officials are selected according to their ability, and hereditary stipulations are abolished. Second, the well field system was abolished and private land was allowed to be bought and sold. Encouraging the people to reclaim land and guiding the peasants' production has greatly improved the peasants' productivity. ”

"Third, the rule of law should be enforced. To this end, Li Kui also established the "Book of Laws" of the Wei State, which is equivalent to the current constitution, which is also the first set of relatively systematic written laws in Chinese history. It should be noted here that the Book of Law is not the first set of legal codes in China. Before that, the code existed. However, the previous codes were not very perfect and had great flaws. The Dharma Sutra presided over by Li Kui was a collection of predecessors and sages, and was formulated into a very mature and systematic set of legal codes. As soon as the code was published, it became the blueprint for the legal codes of later generations. ”

Of the three points mentioned above, the first point is the political change, the second point is the land change, and the third point is the legal change. But that's not enough, there's also a fourth. The fourth point is the military change. So Li Kui boldly recommended Wu Qi, and with the help of Wu Qi, Wei created a military pawn system and became a world-famous Wei warrior. It can almost be said that Wei Wushu was the most powerful force during the Warring States period at that time. ”

So far.

Through these four changes, Wei soon became strong and became the first hegemon in the Warring States Period.

Through Li Kui's reforms, Wei not only became the first hegemon in the Warring States Period. Moreover, after the death of Marquis Wu of Wei, the hegemony of Wei was still maintained for more than 100 years. In the past 100 years, almost no country has been able to compete with Wei. Even the Qin State, when it encountered the Wei State, not only was it defeated, but it also ceded land to the Wei State and sued for peace. ”

Arguably.

In the early Warring States period, the most powerful Wei state was something that many other countries did not dare to provoke.

……

"I went, I didn't expect the Wei State to be so strong."

"Well, the Wei State originally inherited the foundation of the Jin State, coupled with the change of the law, and met the strong monarch, so it is natural to have a fork."

"It's just too low-key, otherwise, I thought the most powerful people in the Warring States Period were Qin Qi and Chu."

"Looking at it now, in the early Warring States period, the Qin State, the Qi State, and the Chu State were also younger brothers in front of the Wei State."

Many fans who were watching Chen Fan's live broadcast also sighed.

At the same time.

For the audience near Jin Province, they also sighed that their hearts were extremely hot.

After all, they are from Jin Province and have an extremely strong sense of belonging to Jindi.

Can before.

They don't have much feeling about the Jin Kingdom and the Jin Land.

Or they all feel that Jindi is not very good in history, and it is not necessarily very powerful.

But now.

When Chen Fan explained the history of Jindi, the people of Jin Province were deeply impressed.

But.

Here's the problem.

Since the Wei State is so powerful.

Since Wei has beaten Qin to the ground, he is suing for peace.

Since Wei Wu's Wei is the first in the world.

So.

Why didn't Wei dominate the world?

Not only did it not dominate the world.

Why did the Wei state decay instead, and even be destroyed by the Qin state in the end?

For this question, the students of Taiyuan University are also puzzled.

Then a student raised his hand and asked.

In fact, to sum up, there are several reasons why Wei cannot dominate the world. The first reason is that although Li Kui's reform was successful, he was not particularly thorough. Some of the power of the old aristocracy was also retained, which also hindered the development of the country. The second reason is the loss of talents in the later stage. During the period of Wei Wenhou, there were many talents in the Wei State. Wei Wenhou boldly used Li Kui and Zhai Huang as the prime minister. promoted Wu Qi again, Le Yang is the general, and Le Yang is the ancestor of Le Yi. In addition, Ximen Leopard, Wei Cheng and others were also reused, and it can be said that the Wei State was full of talents at that time. However, in the later period, Wu Qi was suspicious of Marquis Wu of Wei, so he went to the state of Chu. Originally, a military genius Sun Bin was in the Wei State, but he was killed by the Wei general Pang Juan and returned to the Qi State. There was also a Gongsun martingale, because he could not be reused in the Wei State, so he came to the Qin State. ”

"The third reason is also the reason for the improper strategy of the Wei monarch. In the early stage, the Wei State was very powerful, and it killed all sides for a while, and erected countless enemies. Along with the state of Zhao and Korea, which were originally the three Jin dynasties, the state of Wei became hostile to them. ”

"The fourth reason is the geographical location mentioned earlier. When Wei was strong, there was naturally no problem. However, Wei declined slightly, because his geographical location was surrounded by major powers. As long as other great powers are given a chance, other great powers will attack Wei. Just as after the State of Qi sent Sun Bin to attack the State of Wei, the State of Wei became a second-rate country from the original first-class country of the Warring States. ”

These reasons add up.

It also caused the Wei State to turn from prosperity to decline.

Equally.

This series of reasons also made it impossible for Wei to dominate the world.

"Of course, there is another reason, that is, after the success of the Wei State reform. Other countries also recognized the importance of changing the law, so they also changed the law. In Korea, which was close to the Wei State, he used Shen Bu Harm, also known as Shen Zi. Shenzi, like Li Kui, is also a representative of the Legalists. Shenzi was originally from Zheng Guo, and after Korea destroyed Zheng Guo, Shenzi came to Korea and was reused by Han Zhaohou. ”

"After Shenzi saw the Wei state change the law become stronger, he began to implement the reform in Korea. The first step he did was to strengthen the centralization of the monarchy, take back the privileges of a series of Korean nobles, and take back all their private soldiers and property to the state. In the second step, he realized the role of weapons in war, so he greatly supported the casting technology, and there was a saying at that time that the sword of the world is Han for the public, and the world's strong crossbows are all from Han. In the third step, Shenzi adopted the rule of art, and let the monarch govern the country with the rule of art. ”

"Teacher Chen Fan, what is surgical treatment?"

Some students didn't understand and asked.

"Shenzi proposed the rule of art, originally for the sake of the country's prosperity and the people's strength. Through the management of techniques, the assessment of officials should be strengthened, and meritorious deeds should be rewarded. At the same time, it also asked the emperor not to fully trust his courtiers, and even used a series of contradictory courtiers. In this way, the whole country will have different voices, and for a while, the Korean monarch will speak widely, and the monarch will choose from these different voices to govern more appropriately. Through Shinzi's governance, Shinzi was in Korea for 15 years, and South Korea quickly became powerful, and at the same time, for 15 years, no country dared to invade South Korea. ”

It's just a pity.

Also because of Shenzi's jutsu, in the later period, Korean monarchs began to play "juji".

In the end, it was the art of the emperor.

So South Korea was originally the smallest one in Wei Zhaohan, and it was also surrounded by many countries.

When there is a virtuous monarch, it is better to use the art of the emperor.

But once the country's strength declines and there is no virtuous monarch, the Korean monarch will directly collapse Korea if he engages in such a trick.

On the other hand, the Zhao State, which was divided into three families, also began to change the law during the reign of King Zhao Wuling. The geographical location of Zhao was to the north of Wei, close to the Xiongnu and some ethnic minorities. Therefore, Zhao was often harassed by some foreign tribes, and their fighting methods were different from those of the major vassal states of the Central Plains. These ethnic minorities wear short sleeves and jackets, and are good at horseback riding. King Wuling of Zhao absorbed the combat characteristics of these Hu people, ordered the soldiers of Zhao to change their long clothes to short clothes, and then also ordered a group of soldiers to learn cavalry and archery, and established a cavalry. Such a reform made the strength of Zhao State advance by leaps and bounds in an instant, and after the strength of Wei, Chu, and Qi fell sharply, Zhao became the head of the six eastern states. ”

And because of this.

Although Wei was the first to change the law and became the first overlord of the Warring States Period.

But after the rise of other countries later, it was impossible for Wei to dominate the world.