"Undifferentiated fraternity, everyone is brother and sister, close like a family, without any competition and conflict. It's like the rabbit is the only animal in the forest, and no one bites anyone. ”

"Obviously, this is not in line with the laws of nature, the natural ecology, and the way of heaven." Qin Yu said.

"Any thought that does not conform to the way of heaven cannot last long."

"In the natural ecology, there must be a food chain."

"In this way, all kinds of animals can be healthy and the environment can function."

"This is indeed the biggest reason why the Mo family cannot grow." Zhu Yuanzhang also deeply agrees with this, "Their school has always withered talents, because few people can treat others as brothers. ”

"They have too high requirements for people's morality."

"As for mutual benefits, it's even more outrageous." Qin Yu said, "Mutual benefit advocates common interests and opposes any contention." This is not in line with basic human nature, and the brothers still settle accounts. ”

"Taoists say, the beneficiary, the Tao also."

"Obviously, it is mutually beneficial, and it is not in line with the way of heaven."

"Mutual love and mutual benefit is an ideal world conceived by Mozi. In this world, everyone is like brothers and sisters, there is no competition, and they make profits together, just like in ancient societies, people hunted together and then enjoyed together. ”

"Sounds like an ideal world."

"However, this idea goes against the essence of the pursuit of profit by living beings."

"Birds have to compete for food, how can people be unselfish?"

"Not bad!" Zhu Yuanzhang said, "The shortcomings of the Mo family lie in these two ideas that go against the way of heaven. ”

"In addition to loving and benefiting each other, their ideas such as 'Shangxian', 'Shangtong', 'Tianzhi', 'Ming Ghost' and 'Saving Use' are all perfect, not only reasonable but also practical."

"In addition, the Mohist mechanism has made great contributions to mechanics, geometry, optics and other aspects."

"It's very advanced."

"Therefore, if the Mohists want to govern the province in a short period of time, they must remove the chaff and keep the essence, and do not cling to the idea of 'loving each other and benefiting each other'."

"Mutual love and mutual benefit are the basic ideas of the Mo family, and if you abandon this basic idea, will the Mo family still be the Mo family?" Zhu Yuanzhang said.

"I'm talking about not clinging, not giving up." Qin Yu said, "They want to keep and love each other, they can encourage others to do it voluntarily, but they can't force it." ”

"Let love form a good moral atmosphere, not a system."

"Do you know what the rules are in Mojiazhai?"

"It is the senior brother and brother of the Mo family, they must be close to each other, and there can be no conflict. In the event of a conflict, they will be expelled from the Mo family. The benefits received by the disciples should be distributed equally, otherwise they will also be punished. ”

"In other words, they have made love and love mutually beneficial, and have formed a law."

"Compel disciples to act according to the law."

"It is precisely because of the existence of such a law that many disciples of the Mo family can't stand it and leave automatically. Forcing others to treat others as brothers and sisters and distributing the benefits equally is clearly not going to work. ”

"This is equivalent to forcing others to act bravely, and helping the elderly when they see them."

"These things can only be encouraged, not forced."

……

"Yes, if the Mo family can not force others to love and benefit each other, they will definitely be able to govern the province well." Zhu Yuanzhang said, "But loving each other is a good moral custom, and if you can encourage people to do this, it is still very good." ”

"Good character can only be encouraged, not forced!" Qin Yu emphasized again.

"After talking about the shortcomings of the Mo family, what about the Legalists?" Zhu Yuanzhang asked again.

"The Legalists can be traced back to the 'liguan' of the Xia and Shang periods at the earliest, and matured in the Warring States period." Qin Yu said, "In fact, there was a law in ancient times, and Jiang Taigong's ancestor Boyi assisted Yu Shun to legislate and set up punishments. ”

"Legalist thought is to rule by law"

"Don't be intimate, don't be noble, break the law"

"Monarchs and ministers are all subject to the law"

"The law is not expensive, and the rope is not bent."

"Punishment does not avoid the minister, and rewards the good do not spare the husband"

"In other words, the Legalists were already perfect and fair from the beginning."

"It's just that later, I was impacted and criticized by Confucius's 'benevolence' and 'virtue', and gradually embarked on a fork in the road."

"Confucius advocated the restoration of the 'Zhou rites', but what is the Zhou rites? It is a set of etiquette and rules to maintain the ruling class of the Zhou Dynasty. His etiquette is that he can't punish the doctor, and he can't punish the people. ”

"Legalists advocate that punishment should not be avoided by ministers, while 'rites' advocate that punishment should not be punished by doctors......"

"There is a sharp contradiction between the two."

"During the period of contention of a hundred schools, Confucianism and Legalism conducted a 'discussion of the Tao'."

"Confucius restored the Zhou rites, and what is the essence of the Zhou rites?"

"Don't be noble and lowly, be humble and humble. Filial piety, brother (悌), loyalty, festival ......"

"Filial piety among them...... Twenty-four filial piety, is the word filial piety 'masterpiece', as for what is twenty-four filial piety, I will not repeat one by one, there are many terrible, dehumanizing things. ”

"Twenty-four filial piety destroys human nature, how can it be?" Zhu Yuanzhang's expression froze when he heard this.

As a feudal monarch, he also admires twenty-four filial piety.

"You don't know yet?" Qin Yu was dumbfounded. I thought to myself, it seems that this person's concept is still in a very backward stage. He has been talking about history with himself for so long, and his thinking in this area has not improved much?

】

"For example, the buried children in the twenty-four filial piety are serving their mothers." Qin Yu said, "Guo Ju during the Han Dynasty had a poor family and a three-year-old son. There is an old mother in the family who often cuts back on her own food and gives it to her younger grandson. ”

Guo Ju said to his wife: Poverty can't provide for the mother, and the son is the food of the mother, bury this son? The child can have it again, but the mother cannot be restored. The wife did not dare to disobey. ”

"What's even more ridiculous is the ending of the story: Ju Sui dug a pit for more than three feet, and suddenly saw a cauldron of gold, and went to the clouds: 'God gives the filial son Guo Ju, the official cannot take it, and the people cannot take it.'" The person who made up this story also knew that if he really buried his son, it would be a bit too outrageous, and I was afraid that it would cause people to resent him, so he came up with a bridge section of the God-given golden cauldron. ”

"It can also be seen from the heavenly gold in the back that this story was made up by some people in order to promote filial piety."

"Why is this story bad?" Zhu Yuanzhang asked.

"Do you know about the Tibetan antelope?" Qin Yu asked, "When the Tibetan antelope flies across the mountain stream, the old ones are all underneath and give the young ones on their backs. The young flew by, and the old died at the bottom of the cliff. ”

"Let's assume that if the young are the old ones, it won't take a few decades for the Tibetan antelope to become extinct."

Zhu Yuanzhang was silent when he heard this, and said for a long time: "After thinking about it, this story is indeed not very good. ”