In "Dream of Red Mansions", the leper monk turned a large piece of mending stone into a bright and clean jade, and shrunk it to the size of a fan pendant, which can be worn and held. [Jiaxu side criticism: The strange and sinister text is like the illusion of Su's "Stone Clock" and "Red Cliff". 】

The beard in this comment refers to Su Dongpo, the beard is the male beard, and the famous general Guan Yu of the Three Kingdoms is called the "beautiful bearded man" because of his beautiful beard. In ancient times, officials paid great attention to their appearance and image, in our current words, they looked at their appearance, as praised in "Mo Shangsang", "they are fair-skinned and bearded." Yingying Gongfu step, Ran Ran Mansion trend", to be an official, to be an official, to walk to be an official! In addition, the beard is a physiological characteristic that men can expose normally, representing the masculinity of men.

Su Dongpo, a white-faced scholar, became an official in the imperial examination, and began to grow a beard, and the beard was long, which was in line with the aesthetic views of the time, so people called him "Bearded Su". "Stone Bell" and "Red Cliff" are Su Dongpo's masterpieces, many friends learned it when they were in school, "The Story of Stone Bell Mountain" and "Red Cliff Fu" before and after.

First of all, "The Story of Shi Zhongshan", written in the special period when Su Dongpo opposed Wang Anshi's reform of the law and was degraded, obviously his purpose is not only to verify the accurate origin of Shi Zhongshan's name, but also to remind the law changers and blind supporters to go to the field to "see and hear". His article is to use "the research of Shi Zhongshan's name" to reflect the shallowness of those who "do not see and hear things"; he is saying that "without investigation and research, there is no right to speak", and he is criticizing those in power who work behind closed doors, which is precisely where Su Su's "magic pen" lies.

At the beginning of "Former Chibi Fu", "Su Zi and Ke are boating under the red cliffs. The breeze is coming, and the water is not rippling. Raise the wine to belong to the guest, recite the poem of the bright moon, and sing the chapter of the fairy. "Drinking is very happy, and singing is so free and easy. However, a guest who can blow the flute in the hole, the sound of the flute is "whining, such as resentment, such as crying, such as complaining, and the aftermath is endless." Dancing the submarine of the ravine, crying the wife of the lonely boat. ”

Su Dongpo was sitting precariously and asked him, "Why is Xiao Sheng complaining like this?" The guest replied: "'The moon and stars are scarce, and the black magpie flies south', isn't this a poem written by Cao Mengde?" Looking at Xiakou in the west, looking at Wuchang in the east, the mountains and rivers are sympathetic, and the sky is gloomy, isn't it the place where Cao Mengde was defeated by Zhou Yu in Chibi? Fang Qi broke Jingzhou, went down to Jiangling, went down the river to the east, traveled thousands of miles, covered the sky with flags, drank in the river, wrote poems with horizontal lances, and was a generation of heroes, where is it now? Alas, what's more, ordinary people like you and me, fishing on the Jiangzhu, fishing and shrimp and elk, driving a flat boat with a leaf, and raising a bottle to belong to each other. Parasitic mayflies in the heavens and the earth, a millet in the sea. Mourn the moments of my life, and envy the infinity of the Yangtze River. Fly the fairy to swim, hold the bright moon and end long. I know that there are some things that I can't get in a short life, so I play a mournful tune in the sad autumn wind. ”

The text laments that life is short, self-smallness, longing to be able to live forever with the river and the bright moon, regretting that time is short and has too little, which makes people feel pessimistic and desolate in the real world, in our current words, a lack of sense of gain and no sense of achievement.

Su Dongpo was relieved and said: "Between heaven and earth, everything has its own owner, and it is not mine, although I can't take anything." But the breeze on the river, and the bright moon in the mountains, the sound of the ears, the color of the eyes, the inexhaustible, this is the infinite treasure of nature's gifts, you and I can enjoy it without worry. ”

After Su Dongpo's answer, "the guest is happy and laughs, and the washing is more drinkable". This article was also written shortly after Su Shi was demoted to Huangzhou, and the 43-year-old Su Dongpo lamented that life is too short and political ideals are difficult to realize. The "guests" who ask and answer him in "Former Chibi Fu" are like his own "shadow", or there are no "guests" at all, it is Su Dongpo who is in dialogue with the "illusion" in his imagination, seeking self-comfort in the dream, so Yan Zhai said that this article uses a "magic pen".

"Hou Chibi Fu" was written shortly after "Former Chibi Fu", after a few months, this time Su Dongpo invited two guests to drink and play, but before the wine was drunk, Su Dongpo picked up his clothes and went ashore first. He stepped on the majestic rocks, brushed aside the chaotic weeds, climbed up, "standing on the tiger and leopard, climbing the dragon", until he climbed to the high place where the birds of prey made a nest on the cliff. Neither guest dared to climb that high. Su Dongpo stood on the cliff and shouted loudly, the grass and trees shook, the echo of the mountains resonated with it, the wind was fierce, and the waves were turbulent. Su Dongpo suddenly felt sad and frightened, this is the "magic pen", by writing virtual scenes to express the truth, what he said is his own feelings in the face of the sinister career. "Instead, board the boat and let it go in the middle stream", let the boat float wherever it stops, is Su Dongpo's reaction to the helpless reality and the weariness of officialdom. After that, he saw a vision, "There is a lonely crane, coming from the east of the river", and then he had a dream, he dreamed of a Taoist priest, and he had a brief conversation with the Taoist priest, and then he woke up. There is an old saying, "Confucianism is proud, and worship Taoism is frustrated." When he was proud, he believed in Confucianism, and when he was frustrated, he turned to Taoism, which advocated "joining the WTO" and being active and promising, while Taoism advocated "being born" and doing nothing. The cranes and Taoist priests written in "Hou Chibi Fu" are obviously Su Dongpo's expression of "birth", which is also the "magic pen" mentioned by Yan Zhai!

After a brief discussion of Su Dongpo's three articles, it is easy to understand the fat criticism, and the fat Yan Zhai is saying that the author of "Dream of Red Mansions" uses a "magic pen" to transform himself into a mending stone that wants to enter the world and enjoy wealth, and after the mending stone goes to the world, he will understand life, so as to experience "entering the WTO" and "being born". "The Story of Shizhong Mountain" tells readers that in order to truly understand the existence of "self", they must personally experience this "too illusory realm". Before and after "Red Cliff Fu", it tells readers to think at a deeper level of "entering the WTO" and "being born". "Dream of Red Mansions" depicts the "Grand View Garden", the author of "Dream of Red Mansions" is a giant-eyed hero, if he wants to write a real "Grand View", the book must contain some soul torture in the world, "entering the WTO" and "birth" is one of them, and I will talk about some of my own views on this.

Some people say: "Confucianism governs the country, Taoism governs the body, and Buddhism governs the mind." Confucianism when proud, Taoism when frustrated, and Buddhism when desperate. Confucianism talks about the mandate of heaven, Taoism talks about nature, and Buddhism talks about liberation. Confucianism talks about entering the WTO, Taoism talks about birth, and Buddhism talks about salvation. I don't agree with this statement, Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism are all part of our excellent traditional culture, and they cannot be completely separated. Confucianism also has a time when it is not born, and it is also said that "if you are poor, you will be good alone", and Confucianism was born to "make up for the sky" and to save the world.

In life, we only blindly talk about "birth", blindly avoid troubles, look on coldly, think that we "cultivate oneself and cultivate one's mind", do not eat the fireworks of the world, do nothing quietly, and do not do some actual things to "join the WTO". This kind of person seeks the quiet and quiet "peach blossom source", abandons things outside the body, removes all distracting thoughts, and wants to reach a high state through spiritual practice, and his ultimate goal is to pursue his own liberation, that is, to "cross himself".

Those who "cross themselves" are also absurd dreams in the end.

The great contemplators who participate in meditation and monasticism all emphasize "entering the world", and they understand that the world is full of suffering, and sentient beings have lost their nature, and they can get sentient beings out of their troubles through transformation, and this is called "entering the WTO practice". You can't have a broken love without being in love, right? If you don't "join the WTO", you won't be "born", if you don't enter the red dust, you can't see through the red dust, if you don't see through the red dust, you can't get out of the red dust, you can't get out of it, what qualifications do you have to get rid of those who are confused in the red dust?

We should take a correct view of "birth" and "entry and exit". We must do what we can do, and if we can't do it alone, we must try to participate as much as possible, and we must be serious and committed in doing things. Being positive and enterprising, working hard and striving is the spirit of "joining the WTO" that we should have. Of course, the road of life is rugged and bumpy, there are too many misunderstandings, too many traps, too many temptations, and sometimes people will take practical interests too seriously. If you only pay attention to fame and fortune in reality, it will be difficult to deal with problems calmly and comprehensively, and then you need to have a little spirit of "birth". We must be calm, we must be detached and open-minded, we must be able to afford to let go, go with the flow, treat people with a tolerant attitude, treat things with fair principles, stand taller, and look lightly at fame and fortune. Only by using the heart of "birth" and doing the thing of "entering the WTO" can we live happily and freely.

The first text of "Dream of Red Mansions" has this paragraph:

The Kongdao man then said to the stone: "Brother Shi, this part of your story is a bit interesting according to yourself, so it is written here with the intention of making a legend. In my opinion, the first one, there is no dynastic age to test, [Jiaxu side criticism: first refute it well. The second thing is that there is no good governance of the great sage and the great loyalty of the court to govern the customs, [Jiaxu side criticism: refute the rotten rumors that the world wants to refute in advance. Wonderful! Among them, there are only a few strange women, either in love or infatuation, or in small talent and kindness, and there is no virtue and ability of Bangu Cainu. I'll copy it, I'm afraid the world won't like to see it. ”

Because the Kongkong Dao people mentioned two famous women in history, it is necessary to explain the "virtue and ability of the Bangu Cai Nu". Let's talk about Ban Gu first, Ban Gu refers to Ban Zhao, she is the sister of the historian Ban Gu. He assisted Ban Gu in compiling the Book of Han, and when Ban Gu died, the Book of Han had not yet been written, and Ban Zhao continued to write the rest.

Emperor He of the Han Dynasty admired a talented woman like Ban Zhao very much, so he often invited her to the palace to read the scriptures and history of the pope and concubines, and the concubines in the palace respected her as a teacher. However, Ban Zhao advocated that women should have the "way of three obedience" and "the etiquette of four virtues", emphasizing the superiority of men and the inferiority of women, so he was regarded as a model of "female virtue" by feudal rulers. Ban Zhao's masterpiece "The Female Commandment", as one of the "Four Books of Women", greatly imprisoned the thoughts and freedom of Chinese women.

Cai Nu refers to Cai Wenji, she got married at the age of sixteen, her husband died early, and Cai Wenji had to return to her parents' house to live. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the world was in turmoil, and Cao Cao was busy pacifying the internal warlords, resulting in an empty border and the Xiongnu going south. At this time, Cai Wenji was captured by the Huns, forced to follow the Huns' Zuoxian King, and gave birth to two children.

Cai Wenji's father Cai Yong had a good personal relationship with Cao Cao, and in the thirteenth year of Jian'an, Cao Cao pacified northern China, freed up his hands to establish diplomatic relations with the Xiongnu, and sent envoys to ransom Cai Wenji, who had been in exile for 12 years, with heavy money. Under Cao Cao's arrangement, Cai Wenji married Dong Ci, the governor of Tuntian.

Soon Dong Ci committed a capital crime. In the cold winter, Cai Wenji did not wear clothes and hats to protect against the cold, and went barefoot to the Prime Minister's Mansion to plead for her husband. Cai Wenji's miserable image and earnest words moved the ministers and celebrities at that time. Cao Cao also said: "I sympathize with you, but the verdict has been issued, what should I do?" Cai Wenji said: "Wise Prime Minister, you have 10,000 good horses and many warriors who are good at riding and shooting, and my husband was introduced to me by you. When Cao Cao heard this, he immediately sent a fast horse to chase back the verdict and exempt Dong Ci from the death penalty.

Later, Cao Cao asked Cai Wenji, "I heard that Mrs. had a lot of books in her early years, but they were all lost in the war, I don't know how much I can recall?" Cai Wenji said: "In the early years, my father left more than 4,000 volumes of classics, and now I can recall only about 400 volumes." After she went home, she wrote out the books that she could remember in person, and sent them to Cao Cao's collection for checking, and the results were basically no errors and omissions, which shows that Cai Wenji's talent is high, and she also left masterpieces such as "Hu Ji Eighteen Beats" and "Poems of Grief and Indignation", many literati think that Cai Wenji's literary level is not inferior to the "Seven Sons of Jian'an". However, Cai Wenji gave birth to a baby to the Xiongnu after being captured, and married twice before and after the Han Dynasty, so there are too many feudal literati who think that she is more than literate, but not enough Zhenlie.

I think it is more appropriate to understand the sentence "Ban Gu Cai Nu's virtue and Cai Nu's ability". "A few strange women, either in love or infatuated, or small and talented, and without the virtue and ability of Bangu Cai's daughter." It is a derogatory compliment of the author of "A Dream of Red Mansions", in fact, it is a praise of some women in "A Dream of Red Mansions", and it is necessary to combine "the virtue of the aunt and the ability of the Cai girl" to compare with it.

There is such a passage in the text of "Dream of Red Mansions", [There is also a kind of Fengyue pen and ink, which is obscene and filthy, smeared with poisonous pen and ink, and the children of bad people are innumerable. As for the books of beautiful talents, there are thousands of books in total, and they cannot but be involved in prostitution, so that there are four celebrities in the sentence Pan Anzijian and Xizi Wenjun .....], and we will make a brief introduction in order of appearance.

Pan An, whose real name is Pan Yue, is a native of Henan, a famous writer in the Western Jin Dynasty, and he has a close relationship with the celebrities at that time, such as Shi Chong, Ouyang Jian, Lu Ji, Lu Yun, Zuo Si, etc. The famous Humble Administrator's Garden in Suzhou borrowed a sentence from Pan An's "Idle Fu": "The clumsy man is also in government." ".

is not only good at writing, Pan An is also too handsome, and is known as "the first beautiful man in ancient times". He and his wife Yang were engaged at the age of 12 and fell in love for life. After Yang's death, he did not remarry, and the eulogy written by Pan An for Yang was sincere and endless, and became a good story through the ages.

Zijian refers to Cao Zhi, Cao Cao's third son, Cao Zhi, the character Zijian, a native of Anhui. Cao Zhi was a famous writer in the Three Kingdoms period, and was the master of Jian'an literature in addition to the "Seven Sons of Jian'an". The poems are known for their strong writing and beautiful rhetoric, and have been respected by literati throughout the ages.

Cao Zhi married his wife Cui in his early years, and he was a talented and beautiful woman who lived a life of fine clothes and food, which was very enviable, but the good times did not last long. According to the "Wei Jin Shiyu" record, Cui's clothes were too gorgeous, Cao Cao saw it, thought that she violated the ban on wearing gorgeous clothes, and Cui's was given to death, at that time the country was in ruins, the government advocated thrift and thrift was one of the reasons, and perhaps there were political reasons why Cui's family opposed Cao Cao, so we will not discuss it anymore.

Xizi is Xi Shi, the great beauty of Yue in the Spring and Autumn Period, a native of Zhejiang, and a young woman in Ruoye Creek. Ruoye Creek is a small river, she often washes clothes by the river, legend has it that the fish in the river see Xi Shi is too beautiful, the appearance of the fish is incomparable with her, shy and sink to the bottom, is what people often say later "the beauty of sinking fish".

Gou Jian, the king of Yue, failed in the war against Wu, so he used beauty tricks, carefully trained Xi Shi, and three years later, sent Fan Li to send a group of female spies to Wu Wangfucha. Fucha especially favored Xi Shi, indulged in wine, wasted in national politics, and was finally destroyed by Gou Jian, Xi Shi Shen Jiang and died, because of Xi Shi's contribution to the country, later generations respectfully called her "Xizi". There is another beautiful legend, Xi Shi was later rescued by Fan Li, and the two fell in love with each other and returned to the mountains and forests.

Wenjun refers to Zhuo Wenjun, a talented woman in the Han Dynasty, recognized as one of the four talented women in ancient times, a native of Sichuan, and the richest man in her father's area. Like Cai Wenji we just talked about, Zhuo Wenjun also married at the age of sixteen, and her husband died early, so she returned to her parents' house to live. At that time, Sima Xiangru, a talented man who was in a down-to-earth life, used some unconventional means to get an invitation to Zhuo Wenjun's house for a drink. I also told this story in the historical program "Taking History as a Mirror for Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty" series, as soon as the banquet ended, Zhuo Wenjun escaped from the house by night and eloped with Sima Xiangru.

Sima Xiangru can be said to be a double harvest of wealth this time, and later, Sima Xiangru gradually entered the field of vision of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty because of the good writing of the article, and was selected to be an official in the imperial court. Sima Xiangru left his hometown and came to Chang'an, and soon had the idea of taking a concubine, so Zhuo Wenjun sent him a letter from his hometown and wrote a poem "Baitou Yin", "I wish to have one heart, and the white head will not be separated." Sima Xiangru read the letter, dispelled the idea of taking a concubine, and decided to stay with Zhuo Wenjun for the rest of his life, deducing a love story.

The paper is full of Pan Anzijian and Xizi Wenjun, which means that before "Dream of Red Mansions", many novels about talented and beautiful women always used the stories of these celebrities for reprocessing, like leftovers that are hot again, and they are not delicious after they are hot, what should I do? Then add some condiments. However, the author wants to write his own two love poems, so if the names and surnames of the male and female are proposed, a villain will be created next to him to stir up the chaos, just like the clown in the play.

The author of "Dream of Red Mansions" has fiercely criticized some of the novels of the previous generation, and the author said, "And the maid is the one who speaks, and it is not the text or the reason. Therefore, looking at them one by one, they are all contradictory and unreasonable. 】

The author uses a word, "鬟maid", that is, maid and slave, "者也之hu" are all mood particles in classical Chinese, "non-literary is reasonable" is to refer to the side in the process of discussion, use more allusions, and have a clear source. What the author means is that in some novels of the previous generation, in order to describe the protagonist from a scholarly family, the maids and servants under his command were also written as people who opened and closed their mouths, chewed words, quoted scriptures, and had connotations and thoughts.

This kind of writing is the same, and the slaves and maids under him are all like this, not to mention the sons and young ladies who flatter them! It seems to be clever, but it is actually extremely stupid. Because this kind of writing is seriously out of touch with social reality, it is pure fabrication. If we talk about the production and use of "words", we will understand why the author of "Dream of Red Mansions" said this.

In order to adapt to the harsh living environment of the natural world, early humans began to live in groups, facing natural disasters and other fierce beasts stronger than themselves. Living in a group requires mutual cooperation and communication, which gives rise to the spoken language. For a long time, human beings only transmitted information verbally, and oral transmission of information was too affected by distance and human memory.

There are things I want to say to you, but I am too far away from you for you to hear, and when I run to you and tell you in a sweaty way, you can't remember, and some things you originally remembered, but after a long time, you forgot them. If you live alone, forget to buy a steamed bun after work, and lose weight when you are hungry, but you join the tribal group life, and even you become the leader of the tribe, you have too much information to pass on accurately, and the spoken language is limited by space and time, and the defects are too great!

You sent out ten men to hunt today, and nine died, and one came back crying. Oral language to convey information to you: originally to catch the sika deer, but the big tiger also went to catch the sika deer, the narrow road met, often said that you don't have to run the first place, as long as you don't have to be slower than others at the critical moment, this is the truth! The sika deer is not slower than us, so if we can't run, let's do it with the big tiger! How and how...... In the end, the people were almost dead, and they couldn't beat them, so they climbed up the trees, and when the tigers were full and gone, they dared to run back.

The tribe has sacrificed several honorable sacrifices at once, this information is too important, you remember, you will issue an order: since we have few people, and the hunting tools are not lethal, if you encounter a big tiger when hunting in the future, you should climb the tree first, and then come back when the tiger is gone. Such a painful lesson may be remembered deeply by this generation, but the big tiger has never come back since he left, and it is estimated that he has eaten too much. The spoken message was blurred and forgotten, and the same tragedy happened again and again a long time later.

Therefore, the leader of the tribe needs to use special drawings or symbols to record and convey important information. Which kind of mushroom will kill people if eaten, when the flood needs to be moved to the mountains, how to drill wood for fire, how to weave nets to catch fish, first of all, these are closely related to survival.

The survival is good, the population has increased, and the tribe has further advanced towards civilization. It is also necessary to use special pictures or symbols to record wars, alliances and other major events between tribes. Those pictures or symbols break through the limitations of space and time, accumulate and circulate, and evolve into words, so that human beings can better learn technical experience, better summarize the lessons of history, and human society also makes great strides towards civilization.

But we must understand that with the development of human society, classes have emerged, and it is the ruling class, or the social elite, that holds this important information. After entering the slave society, many people living at the bottom of the society could not master the written language, especially in an agrarian country like China, if you want to learn the written language out of production, then who will hunt and farm? What do princes, ministers, and nobles eat? At the beginning of the Western Zhou Dynasty, the country was strong, and Zhou Tianzi also built schools to cultivate talents, and education at that time was still oriented to the aristocracy, and commoners could not enter the school, let alone slaves.

With the development of the country, the princes began to become stronger, and slowly Zhou Tianzi lost control of the country, and the princes opened official schools in order to cultivate their own talents, and the education objects were no longer limited to the nobles, and some capable commoners were also absorbed and cultivated by the official schools. It was precisely this opportunity that Confucius seized this opportunity and proposed the establishment of private schools with "education without class", hoping to cultivate "virtuous talents" and officials through education, so as to realize the political ideals of Confucianism. Confucius's education of the common people for more than 2,000 years was not very effective, and the written word was still almost firmly in the hands of the ruling class. This point is indispensable to the representative figure of Legalism, Shang Ying.

Shang Ying put forward the "Five Techniques for Harnessing the People", he said, "The people are strong and weak, and the people are weak and the country is strong." The way to govern the country lies first in the weak people. "The weak people are mainly not allowed to have weapons to the people, so that it is easier for the rulers to manage. In "On the Passage of Qin", Jia Yi said that Qin Shi Huang "is a famous city, kills heroes, collects the soldiers of the world, gathers Xianyang, sells the feng di (dí), casts the twelve golden people, and weakens the people of the world." "Ordinary people without weapons cannot organize large-scale armed forces to confront the government, and weak people are the first move.

Then there are the poor. It is to let the people always struggle on the poverty line, there is no surplus food at home, and they often do not have enough to eat. Shang Ying believes that once the common people are fed, they will like a luxurious and comfortable life, and they will not work so hard for the next year's cultivation. So the more food you have, the more taxes you pay, and you have to work hard next year! Another person who has eaten enough will come out to die and cause some unnecessary trouble. Now when some netizens comment on hot topics, they say that Yuan Longping is to blame for making people eat too much, which has a tendency to be Legalist.

The poor are followed by the weary people, that is, the common people are very tired every day. Shang Ying thinks that people are easy to get into trouble when they are idle, and they have to find something to do, haven't you planted the land well? Let's go build the palace! What? Just came back from repairing Afang Palace? Then let's go to Shoushan Customs tomorrow! What about your brother?

My brother just came back from picking up half a life in Shanhaiguan.

Oh, the Son of Heaven is going to expand the mausoleum, you don't have to go, let your brother go! Where's your dad?

Old father, I've done everything, and I'm getting older.

Okay, don't talk about it, the Huns have been rampant recently, the border is tight, you need to hoard grain and grass for the winter, and the work is not heavy, just go to your father!

Alas, it wears it out and does not stop. Henan is located in the Central Plains, the common people serve a trip to labor, go out basically by the legs, a round trip, every day the wind and sunshine have to go for more than half a year, not to mention the remote southern provinces. If you can't finish the major national affairs, you are tired to death all day long, how can you have the time and mood to tell the truth and wrong in your parents, let alone gather a crowd to endanger national security.

The fourth is to insult the people, when the donkey is grinding, the owner will cover the donkey's glasses in order to let the donkey concentrate on grinding. Under the rule of Legalist ideology, the treatment of the common people is not as good as that of a donkey, and the people are required to concentrate on their labor when they are farming, their eyes cannot look at it, their ears cannot hear it randomly, and their mouths cannot talk nonsense. This is not enough, the people are required to supervise each other, they can report and expose, the whistleblower has a small reward, and the exposed person is severely punished. In the atmosphere of terror, people live not as well as livestock, and the common people are in fear all day long, without the slightest dignity. Legalists believe that the humiliation suffered by the common people is just fine, and the more humiliated they are, the more noble the managers and rulers become.

The last one is the foolish people, which is very crucial and has been used by successive feudal rulers. Fooling the people is to implement a cultural monopoly, not allowing too many ordinary people to read and write, and making the common people become tools of production without ideas and souls, and are driven by the rulers. Because without too many ideas, it is impossible to put forward some different opinions, what the ruler says, you will honestly implement it, and the more ignorant the common people, the easier it is to unify their thoughts. There are not so many stupid people living at the bottom of society, how can a ruler stand high at the top of the pyramid? For a long time, China has been based on farming, and they have learned cultural knowledge to be managers, so who will farm the land? The elites also did not want to see too many people in their circles, so for more than 2,000 years, the average level of education of the people was extremely low.

To give an example not far from today, in the early years of the Republic of China, that is, 100 years ago, a census of "literacy" was conducted across the country, and the literacy rate was 1%. At that time, there were about 400 million people in the country, and 1% means that 4 million people in the country "can read". 4 million people sounds like a lot of people, which is more than the entire population of some small European countries at that time, but the statistical result of these 4 million "literacy" is based on the criterion of "as long as they know how to read".

Nowadays, there are some seventy or eighty-year-old people who have not gone to school, but they sell vegetables and buy vegetables in the vegetable market, and they know the money and the characters on the money, Wu Yuan, Shi Yuan, 100 Yuan, which is considered to be literacy. The same was true when the statistics of these 4 million people were counted back then, and many of them did not have a higher education level than the children in the second grade of primary school!

And there are many people who know words, but can't write, just like Wang Xifeng, she is the head of the house, she has to pay wages to her subordinates, read the account books, check the treasury, she should be regarded as knowing words, but she has to ask Jia Baoyu to help her when she writes a few words. If the statistics of that year were based on the ability to write letters by themselves, or to write account books and purchase and shipment lists for business, there would be 2 million people who could "read and write". Those who can write lyrics and compose poems, and even fewer write eight-strand articles.

You must know that education has begun to be established in the early years of the Republic of China, and even formal girls' schools have appeared, and at that time there were still few people who "knew how to read".

Maids, slaves open and close their mouths, chew words, quote scriptures, it is simply impossible, some of the ladies still don't know how to read, let alone the next person!

The young lady was asleep, and they dared to sleep. Before the young lady got up, they had already gotten up to fetch water and sweep the floor, and they had to do laundry, cook, water flowers and feed the birds. The young lady woke up and hurriedly waited to get up and change her clothes and dress up. The young lady was hungry, so she hurriedly served tea and rice. The young lady finished eating and wanted to go out, so she quickly ran out of the second door and notified the car. The lady got into the sedan chair, and hurriedly took the No. 11 bus and followed the lady's sedan curtain. The young lady came back from shopping and came back for a break, and they had to do some needlework quickly.

The sole of a shoe has not been put away, and the young lady is yelling that she is thirsty in bed, if she dares to pour a cup of hot water to scald the young lady, it will be over, not to mention being beaten and scolded, and three months' salary will be deducted. Therefore, before doing needlework, you must be prepared, cool half a pot of boiling water, when Miss needs, mix it with hot in the tea bowl, take a sip on the back, feel the temperature is OK, carefully bring it to the bedside, and say with concern: "Miss, drinking cold will hurt your body, you slow down, be careful not to burn." "If you have a good relationship with the lady, you can also blow gently on the mouth of the bowl to show that you really care.

Let's see, I only stayed up until half the afternoon on this day, and I was not tired, this is physically and mentally exhausting! Maids, slaves when to learn culture, can know the words is the master is merciful, "the opening is the same, not the text is reasonable" that has to be more than the young lady of the maid can do it! It is no wonder that the author of "Dream of Red Mansions" said that many of the previous novels were "unreasonable".

Since then, the empty Taoist people because of the empty color, from the color of the love, the love into the color, since the color of the Wukong, then changed the name of the monk, a Taoist, because of the secular "love" and the enlightenment of Buddhism, read this, I was surprised. Tang Xuanzang's translation of the "Prajnaparamita Heart Sutra" has a sentence "color is not different from emptiness, emptiness is not different from color, color is emptiness, emptiness is color", widely spread, whether you believe in Buddhism or not, many people have heard this sentence, which is also the essence of the Heart Sutra. "Color" does not only refer to beauty, according to the Buddhist viewpoint, "color" can be simply divided into three types.

The first is the "visible" color. "Right" means that we can reach it, and "visible" means that our eyes can see, and these are all things that exist objectively.

The second is the "invisible" color. The eyes can't see it, but it can be touched, such as sound, fragrant, smelly, sweet, sour, bitter, salty and other tastes. There are also sensations such as warmth, coldness, dryness, and humidity through physical contact.

The third type is the color that is "not visible to the invisible". The eye can neither see nor touch, but it is a shadow of the first two colors in our minds. The color we see with our eyes, the sound we hear with our ears, the smell of our nose, the sweet and sour taste with our tongue, the warmth and coldness that our body is exposed to, these sensory stimuli bring about the experience, just like a shadow in our brain, which is neither visible nor right, but sometimes we want and desire, and it is also color.

"Color is not different from emptiness", "color" is different from "emptiness", and "color" cannot change "emptiness", which is for ordinary people. Ordinary people have hue pursuits, so they are insatiable, and they are officials, pursuing a prosperous family business, and as a result, the family business withers. Those who are rich pursue more wealth, and as a result, the gold and silver are scattered. Saying that "color is not different from emptiness" is to teach everyone to be sober and understand not to be attached to all hues. Even though it took all his life's work, he tried his best to schem, chase and get, and in the end, "It's like eating all the birds and throwing them into the forest, and the white land is really clean!" The pursuit of hue does not change the essence of emptiness.

"Emptiness is not different from color", "emptiness" is different from "color", and "emptiness" cannot change "color", which is for practitioners with average understanding. They completely separate "color" from "emptiness", so they abolish "color" and seek "emptiness", and they believe that ordinary people in the world are burdened by "color" because of their attachment to hue, and they are troubled and suffered, and they cannot get rid of it. If you want to be at ease and reach Elysium, you must stay away from "color", but as everyone knows, the waste of "color" and seeking "emptiness" just proves that they have something to seek, and what they want is exactly the "invisible" color we mentioned earlier!

Here, I would like to tell a well-known little story, one day, the monk Tanshan took his apprentice to a certain place to say the Dharma, and encountered a river on the way, but because it had just rained heavily, the river ditch was muddy, and the river water rose. The master and apprentice were about to cross the river when they met a young girl. The girl had urgent business to do, but she didn't dare to go into the water. The Tanshan monk crossed the river with the girl on his back.

Many days have passed, and the little monk is still thinking about the matter of the master carrying the girl across the river. One day, he finally couldn't hold back anymore and asked, "Master, you often teach us that the four major monks are empty, and we can't get close to women, why did you carry a female donor across the river a few days ago?" Monk Tanshan replied calmly: "After I carried the female benefactor across the river, I put her down, but I didn't expect you to carry her tightly on your back, and you haven't put it down until now!" ”

The Tanshan monk carried the girl across the river completely out of kindness. He had already put down the girl's affairs in his heart, and the little monk's troubles were completely self-inflicted. Only by knowing how to "let go" can we live freely, which is a kind of inner state, so Buddhism further clearly points out: color is emptiness, and emptiness is color. "Color" and "emptiness" are completely opposite and unified, and the key is how people look at it in their hearts.

The author of "Dream of Red Mansions" has creatively added "love" to the concept of color and emptiness, "because of emptiness to see color, from color to love, to convey love into color, from the color of Wukong", looking at the Tao number, you know that the empty people are bent on seeking emptiness, so the empty people divide "color" and "emptiness" into two and treat them differently. What he seeks is emptiness, and he can better distinguish what is "color", which is called "seeing color because of emptiness".

The hue that appears from the void is particularly eye-catching, making people feel like and dislike, what they want, what they don't want, and a lot of troubles follow, which is called "lust from color".

What should I do if I want to get rid of these worries? Are we going to put on a robe, or shave our heads and hide in the wilderness mountains? As I said earlier, this will not work! Do you avoid "color" and pursue "emptiness", or what you seek, or hue! What should we do? We should "convey affection into color", "emotion" is born from "color", we should collect our "affection" and return "affection" to hue.

In the rolling red world, calmly face these various hues, just like a mirror, there is something to show the reflection, and the reflection of the thing is gone, and our hearts are calm in the face of everything that comes and goes, in order to achieve the realm of "color is emptiness", which is called "self-color Wukong".

Ordinary people, "look at the mountains as mountains, see water as water", practitioners with average understanding, "see the mountains are not mountains, see water is not water", and the big viewers, "look at the mountains or the mountains, look at the water is still water". I said that the Kongkong Daoist is a cultivator with average understanding, and this can also be used as evidence by a passage we read in the previous episode. The empty man disliked that the article on the stone did not have the age of the dynasty, and the stone replied with a smile: "My teacher is too stupid!" If there is no dynasty to test, why is it difficult for our teacher to pretend to be embellished by the Han and Tang dynasties? The stone laughed at the empty people who were too "stupid", that is, the empty people were not sufficiently understanding, so the author gave the empty people such a road name, and he also copied the "Stone Record" to "see the color because of the emptiness, the love from the color, the love into the color, and the self-color Wukong". The word "love" is the key, emphasizing the role of people in the face of "color" and "emptiness", which is the genius of the author of "Dream of Red Mansions". The empty Taoist was renamed as the love monk, look, not only the name has changed, but the sect has changed!