832, and then return to Tibet

Good! At this point, let's leave Everest, let us go back to the Tibetan era, and appreciate her ins and outs.

The territory of the Tibetan Dynasty had a historical process of continuous expansion from small to large. It was established by the father and son of Nanri Luntsen and Songtsen Gampo, and its military and political divisions also had a process of continuous improvement. In short, as a unified dynasty on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, its military and political system was founded in the Songtsen Gampo period and completed in the Qisong Detsen period (754~797 AD).

The ancient Qiang people and other foreign ethnic groups that lived on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau have lit a flickering light in the vast Qinghai-Tibet region with their tribal states and culture as the core. The Tibetan Dynasty was not established in the desert of civilization, and it was not a source of water and a tree without roots. However, no one dared to believe that it was the Tubo Dynasty that pushed the history of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau to a new height and led to a brilliant blueprint. Such a great and proud achievement is the immortal merit of the Tubo people in the Yalong River Valley.

The Yalong Tubo people were originally mainly active in the area of Zedang on the south bank of the Brahmaputra River, and its center was the Yongbula Gang in the northwest of Zedang, that is, the palace fort where the family lived and lived in the past Zanpu and his family, which was made of huge stones. Later, it developed southward, occupied the Qiongjie Plain, connected Zedang with Qiong, and built a new royal palace in Qiongjie (Qin) Wadazi.

By the time of Songtsen Gampo's grandfather, Dari Niansai, he continued to expand outward, expanding his territory, making Tibet a strong province on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. At that time, the territory of Tibet reached the Brahmaputra River in the north, and was bounded by Subi; east to Kang District, adjacent to the vassal states located in western Sichuan; west to Yangzhuoyong Lake, and the lower part of the Sanluya of Subi is the boundary; to the south by Nibora (Nepal) and Budan (Bhutan); He has taken possession of most of the southern part of the Tibetan Plateau, thus competing with the Subi who replaced the sheep and dominated the northern part of the Tibetan Plateau.

This Subi is the queen state, there are two kings to know the political affairs, the queen to the Nianchu River valley as the main residence, engaged in farming and animal husbandry; Xiao Wang was stationed near the Lhasa River, and his people were mainly engaged in animal husbandry. Its territory reaches as far north as Khotan; west to the lake of Mapanyongcuo, and the sheep are connected; It is connected to Tibet by the Brahmaputra River in the south. Today's Lhasa, Shigatse and other important areas are within its jurisdiction. According to the strength at that time, Subi was far more capable than Tibet to complete the great cause of unifying the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. However, the internal strife made it weak, as recorded in the "Dunhuang Ben Tubo Historical Documents", there was first the incident of Queen Dajiawu being killed by the minister Nian Jisong and supporting the little queen Ji Bang Su as the king, and then there was the incident that the subordinates of the Qi Bang Su secretly took refuge in Tubo Da Ri Nian Sai.

By the time of Songtsen Gampo's father, Nanri Lunzan, he finally defeated the Subi Nu Kingdom and initially unified the plateau, so the name of "Zampu" in Tibet began with him. At that time, the political center was still in the Qiongwa Dazi Palace. As the only son of Nanri Luntsen, Songtsen Gampo was born in Yongbula Gang and grew up in Qiongwa Dazi, and had a good childhood.

In 629 A.D., when Songtsen Gampo was 13 years old, there was a rebellion within the Tibetan Dynasty, and the conquered tribes such as Dabu, Subi, and Yang launched armed resistance. It was at this critical time that Songtsen Gampo began his difficult but brilliant life.

Songtsan Gampo, that is, abandoning the Zong, abandoning Sunongzan, Langzan, and abandoning Sunong. He took advantage of the tribal contradictions at that time, gathered forces, expanded his ranks, and gradually quelled the rebellion of the nobles. The patriarchal and maternal forces involved in the rebellion also withdrew from the stage of history, and the Chinese history books said that Tubo "does not call its own surname in the national law, but the royal family says it, and the eunuch family says Shang." At an important historical juncture, Songtsen Gampo first made the decision to move the capital. This is mainly due to three reasons: First, he deeply felt that it was difficult for him to develop his career, and it was far inferior to the Lhasa River valley in the center of the Tibetan Plateau, which had outstanding advantages in terms of geographical location and natural environment as a political center. Second, the Lhasa River valley area is the former center of the Subi Kingdom, the settlement of the Subi aristocracy, densely populated, and the land is fertile, according to which it can not only control the basic forces that stabilize the political situation, but also take Yangtong in the west and Supi in the north, and further complete the great cause of the reunification of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Third, the rebellion of the father and mother made Songtsen Gampo feel that their inadequacy and the stability of their ancestors' homeland were no longer stable, and they could get rid of the influence and constraints of the old aristocracy.

Around 633, Songtsen Gampo moved his capital to Luosa (now Lhasa City), and the Lhasa River Valley was rich in water and grass, fertile fields, and beautiful scenery. On both sides of the river valley, there are Potala Mountain and Yaowang Mountain facing each other, the situation is dangerous, and it can be the feng shui treasure land of the prosperous king and the hegemony.

After Songtsen Gampo led the royal family and nobles to move the royal capital to Lhasa, he immediately invited craftsmen from Nipolo and other places to build a majestic and magnificent palace in Potala Mountain, and at the same time paved roads and built palace walls, so that the political and cultural center of the Tubo Dynasty gained a new look. It's a pity that the Potala Palace in this period was first destroyed by the lightning fire during the Qisong Dezan period, and then destroyed by the fire at the end of the dynasty. Today's Potala Palace is no longer the original appearance of the Red Palace in the past, but the building of the Fifth Dalai Lama in the early years of the Qing Dynasty.

But how did a young man make the Tibetan Plateau unified?