The meeting is not only a place for participants to exchange information and coordinate relations, but also a means for the boss to deploy work and show the intention of decision-making, and a way to mobilize everyone, boost morale and mobilize everyone's enthusiasm. There are many factors that depend on the effectiveness of a meeting, but for the person presiding over the meeting, their verbal skills are crucial.

●The opening is wonderful

The opening remarks of the meeting should state the content, including the theme, purpose, significance, agenda and opening method of the meeting, and its language should be concise and clear, and the tone and expression should be consistent with the atmosphere of the meeting.

A good opening is good for grabbing the attention of the participants and enhancing their interest in the conference. There are three good opening remarks: first, go straight to the point, outline the topic, and explain the content and theme of the meeting without bothering; The second is to use the topic to mobilize the emotions of the audience, make the participants excited, and create an atmosphere suitable for the meeting; The third is that the export is a chapter, full of inspiration and inducement, guiding the audience to quickly enter the realm. Try to avoid the old-fashioned, one-size-fits-all format. For example: "Now that the meeting is open, Comrade ××× is invited to make a report, everyone is welcome to ......" "The ×× party will start now, and the first program ......" should be based on the actual situation of the meeting, or the content, or the form, or the characteristics of the Tao, or put forward requirements, or talk about today in history, or talk about the present moment elsewhere, in short, adapt measures to the situation and design flexibly. Also, try to use humor to make the audience smile.

● Use good connective language

Presiding over a meeting generally requires bridging and tenoning in the middle, and taking care of the transition, so as to connect the whole meeting into an organic whole. This process of connection is also a process for the moderator to exert his or her own wit and eloquence, which will show the moderator's organizational and generalization skills.

Some people presided over speeches on "I am a communist fighter", the first of which spoke on "Man and Communists" and the second on "Entrepreneurship with arduous struggle". Between these two speeches, he said: "Communists are human beings, but they are not equal to ordinary people, and communists must be selfless and fearless, and they must withstand the wind and waves, and this is inseparable from arduous struggle." Now, listen to Comrade ××'s speech. In just a few sentences, the two speeches are connected without a trace, without any sense of artificiality.

The connecting language used by the host is nothing more than a link between the previous and the next: affirm the previous one, and put the finishing touch; Exhale the one behind it, and render it ready for momentum. Both are important, and more attention should be paid to the latter. However, in the presiding over the meeting, whether to use it or not, whether it is long or short, should depend on the specific situation. If you need to use a conjunction, you can either pass it in or push it back; It can be borrowed or spoken; You can ask questions, you can also ask questions, in short, don't make it "presiding over the eight shares", you should be unique and just right principle.

● Skillfully break the silence

In the process of presiding over the meeting, the moderator often encounters the phenomenon that no one speaks or a certain part of the people does not respond. Such silence is not conducive to the full development of the meeting and to the achievement of the intended purpose. There are a variety of reasons for the silence at meetings. Different reasons lead to different countermeasures. Here are some steps to be taken for different reasons for silence:

1. Timid and shy

Such people tend to be young, socially illiterate, do not attend many meetings, and are most likely unaccustomed to or afraid to express their opinions and opinions in large groups. The moderator should take the initiative to encourage them to speak, ask questions, and tell them that it's okay to make mistakes. When they are speaking, the moderator should show interest in what they are saying, and at the same time acknowledge the reasonableness of their statement.

2. People are single and thin

Such people tend to have a different view than most people and are silent for fear of being ridiculed for speaking out. The moderator should be good at taking the initiative to approach, encourage them to speak freely, dare to express their different views, and strive to create a relaxed and free discussion atmosphere.

3. Clear high closed type

Such participants often have their own set of opinions, they are more experienced, they are more rigorous, on the one hand, they want to express themselves, on the other hand, they put on a high-minded show, and some of them have the concern that if they say too much, they will lose. The host should be good at pointing out this kind of people and give them more embodiment and respect.

4. It's not about your own type

Such participants often lack enthusiasm and interest in the meeting, are unwilling to invest too much, think that the topic is irrelevant to them or think that it is not important, and the discussion and resolution are the business of the meeting host. For such people, the moderator should actively create a democratic and lively meeting atmosphere, to infect and drive these people to participate, or take the initiative to approach them, ask for their views on the problem, and over time, they can change their uncooperative attitude.

5. Hostile emotional type

Such participants were either opposed to the topic or had an opinion on the moderator. The moderator should be friendly and united with them, regardless of personal grievances, and can take the initiative to ask them questions, and take their statements seriously.

6. Unclear topics

Sometimes, when the participants do not understand the topic and show silence, the moderator should make another statement, change the angle of the explanation, and can also use analogies and examples to make the participants understand and understand.

7. Shame on the beginning type

Sometimes, participants are not good at being the first to speak and end up in the cold. At this time, the host can use humorous words to open the topic of the participants, and can also let the outgoing and bold comrades speak first, and then drive everyone's enthusiasm to speak. For more solemn and serious meetings, when discussions are needed, the moderator can also appropriately adjust the tension of the participants. If it is a discussion of some bad behaviors and incorrect remarks, involving the specific interests of some people, the moderator should take the lead in speaking, make a clear statement, and pave the way for others to speak.

● Prevent meetings from going off-topic

In conference activities, there are often some speakers who speak out of bounds and endlessly. In such cases, the moderator, out of respect for the speaker, should generally not speak directly but should look for opportunities to make subtle hints. For example, on a certain question or a certain sentence raised in his speech, he should be guided according to the situation, and his speech should be affirmed to a certain extent. For issues that are not closely related to the topic, the moderator can euphemistically suspend them by indicating that they will have time to discuss them later, and consciously re-emphasize the topic of the meeting.

In some meetings, participants are required to prepare in advance, consult relevant materials, and outline the presentations.

The manager of a company in the United States has taken such a countermeasure to prevent off-topic presentations. The manager has created what he calls a "belly draft": after a big or major issue is raised, he asks the participants to think in silence, the room is quiet, and then the speakers are not allowed to speak until a certain amount of time.

● Stop pointless arguments

When discussing a certain issue, due to the different knowledge, literacy, experience, and social experience of the participants, they will look at the problem from different angles, and thus the solution to the problem will also be different. Participants tend to have their own opinions and argue with their own arguments. This is a manifestation of the in-depth discussion at the meeting, which is a good sign. However, when the point of view has tended to be focused and clear, the moderator should stop the debate in time. If both sides of the argument have deviated from the topic, the moderator should wait for an opportunity to stop it, or say that he has limited time, and will not discuss it in depth for the time being, or if he talks about it first, he or she should stop it indirectly. When encountering a more intense debate, the moderator should always pay attention to the fact that some debaters will be emotional, insinuating, ridiculing, and rehashing old things, and the presiding officer of the meeting should remind and persuade them in a timely manner, so as to avoid the intensification of contradictions and cause quarrels and conflicts. If a quarrel has already occurred, the presiding officer should proceed from the organizational and disciplinary nature of the meeting and directly stop it; Serious criticism of those who speak badly and hurt others when necessary to balance the impartiality of the participants.

● Control the course of the meeting

Conference process control is an important management art, which needs to be carried out in accordance with the rules of the meeting, and at the same time, according to the changing situation, flexibly adopt various measures and methods, adjust various relationships in a targeted manner, and solve various random problems. For this reason, it also requires the people engaged in control activities, especially the meeting moderator, to master certain control skills. These techniques generally include the following methods.

1. Before the meeting, the moderator should carefully study the relevant documents and materials, understand the topic and agenda, and understand the composition and basic opinions of the participants.

2. The moderator must be strictly punctual, clarify the start and end times of the meeting, and start and end the meeting on time.

3. During the meeting, the moderator should avoid arguing with other participants, and should not express opinions that favor one aspect before the resolution is formed, let alone force others to accept their own views. Don't show off yourself, don't speak in a different posture and tone, and avoid all kinds of language problems. Criticism should be constructive and efforts should be made to avoid direct conflict with other participants.

4. When organizing discussions, the boundaries between discussion and non-discussion should be set, and each participant should be given equal opportunities and rights to speak. We should be good at correcting the tendency to speak out of the topic in a timely manner and pay attention to the way in which we should not dampen the enthusiasm of the participants.

5. Should be good at comparing, identifying and comprehensively analyzing various speeches, and correctly concentrate everyone's opinions. Explain in plain language the main points of the discussion and the main points of the statements made by the speakers concerned.

6. When the time is ripe, the discussion or debate should be terminated in a timely manner, the conclusion should be confirmed in a timely manner to form a resolution, and the topic should be changed immediately after the end of an agenda item to avoid delaying time or causing extraneous complications.

7. The order of the topic arrangement of the multi-topic meeting should be scientific and reasonable, and under normal circumstances, the topics that require everyone to use their brains and concentrate on making suggestions should be placed in the first half of the meeting.

8. When the meeting is long, a short break should be arranged and the timing should be mastered. Breaks should not be scheduled for the climax of the presentation, especially if the discussion of a particular issue or one of the aspects has not yet been concluded.

9. Various methods and measures should be taken to avoid or reduce the withdrawal of participants in the middle of the session, and in particular, the main figures among them should strive not to leave the table in the middle of the session.

10. It is generally not appropriate to change the agenda at will unless necessary.

11. The host should have a loud voice, proper manners, and a certain degree of infectiousness, avoid superfluous actions (playing with stationery, scratching heads, shaking legs, etc.), avoid incoherent speech, and lack of self-confidence.

12. When there is chaos in the venue, you should remain calm and take timely measures to end the chaos.

13. Pay attention to creating a meeting atmosphere that is compatible with the nature of the meeting, scientifically arrange the high and low tides in the meeting, distribute meeting documents and materials in a timely manner, and supervise the staff to make meeting minutes in a timely and serious manner.

● Facilitation of meeting discussions

The moderator should have a high level of awareness and good thinking skills when leading the discussion in the meeting. At the meeting, we should be good at asking questions and actively guiding, be able to find and raise problems from different angles and different levels, carry out dialectical thinking, reverse thinking, and divergent thinking, and our views on problems can not only be understood qualitatively, but also analyzed and defined quantitatively. If necessary, discussions can be conducted in small groups, with one group leader assigned to gather the group's opinions and the delegates speak on behalf of the group.

Carlson, an American management scientist, believes that the main skills for conducting meetings and discussions are as follows:

1. Choose an appropriate topic for the discussion so that the participants are interested in the topic to be discussed and have the desire to express their opinions and opinions in front of everyone.

2. Set up the meeting place so that everyone who comes to the meeting feels comfortable and will not be distracted or anxious due to the uncomfortable environment and seats.

3. The role of the moderator of the meeting is to facilitate the discussion of the meeting, but avoid answering the questions of the participants in person so that all those participating in the discussion can think positively and participate.

4. Focus everyone's attention on valuable topics and guide the meeting to a final agreement in the shortest possible time, without making the participants feel that the moderator is forcing them.

5. Grasp and arrange the time, limit the time for each speech, grasp the scope of the meeting, and be wary of one or two sentences that someone says at will pull the topic out of the scope of the meeting.

6. Make a comprehensive summary, record or report for the meeting, and implement it to ensure that the matters determined by the meeting are realized.

●Flexible control to improve the effect of the meeting

When chairing a meeting, it is important to guide the participants to fully express their views and participate actively in the discussion. How do you make attendees want to speak, and speak thoroughly and fluently? How can I improve the effectiveness of my meetings? This requires the moderator to be flexible.

1. Law of Naming

After the moderator's opening remarks, let everyone speak. At the beginning, it is easy to have a cold scene, and the host can appropriately name: "Lao Zhang, you are very researched on this issue, you must have a good idea today, let's talk about it first!" "Lao Wang, you have probably already thought about the content of your speech, and everyone is waiting to hear your high opinions!" What do you think? Take the lead! "Everything is difficult at the beginning, someone takes the lead, and someone will follow along.

2. Agitation method

A good horse also needs a whip, and a strong general needs to be motivated. The moderator sometimes has to "provoke" some people with negative words to prompt them to speak in a timely manner. For example, you can say: "Lao Huang, you don't say a word today, it seems that you want to 'gargle with a golden cup'!" It is likely that someone next to him said: "Lao Huang has always been able to speak well, how can he bow down today?" With such an agitation, can Lao Huang not spit out macro theories?

3. Dial and click method

It is often difficult for people to express their views on an issue when it seems to be clear to them. At this time, the moderator should grasp the key point and make appropriate points, and the participants will suddenly open their mouths and talk like a spring. For example, it could be said, "What if you look at this question the other way around?" Judging from how many shortcomings it has, should we be determined to solve it? ”

4. Retelling

Someone's statement was incisive, and the moderator felt the same way. In order to guide the discussion in depth, I would like to rephrase the main points of his statement. For example: "Lao Zheng believes that the key to improving the quality of teaching in our school is not in strict attendance and examinations, but in improving teaching methods in connection with reality, which is very reasonable." Let's talk about it! Lao Zheng was very happy to hear it, and everyone had a direction for discussion, and the meeting would go one step deeper.

5. Comparative Method

Halfway through the discussion, when several opinions have been put out, the moderator can briefly summarize and guide everyone to judge the advantages and disadvantages from the comparison, so as to form a conclusion logically. For example, it can be said that "there are now three options for the work arrangement in the fourth quarter: first...... The second is ...... The third is ...... You can compare them and choose the best option. ”

6. Restraint method

At the seminar, sometimes there may be a phenomenon of digression, and some people go all over the world and pull the topic further and further. At this time, the moderator should restrain it in time and bring it back to the topic. Care should be taken not to dampen the enthusiasm of the speakers when using the restraint method. The moderator should close the circle very naturally. For example, it can be said: "The problems mentioned by Lao Chen and other comrades do exist, and their views are also very valuable, and we can hold a special discussion meeting for this purpose in the future." However, the central issue today is how to formulate regulations for the payment of overproduction bonuses, and everyone should focus on this issue. ”

7. Humor method

At the meeting, when the debate was too intense, the speaker's voice became louder and louder, and the tone became higher and higher, the host should use humorous language and witty interjections to "cool down" it in time, so that both sides can calmly analyze each other's opinions and seek common ground while reserving differences. For example, you can say, "Don't get excited, everybody! I've heard that a high-decibel sound can burst the eardrum, so in order to prevent us all from becoming deaf, I recommend that you lower your voice by 20 decibels when you speak. A few words elicited laughter in the hall, and the atmosphere in the venue was adjusted.

8. Transitional Method

Use appropriate conjunctions to transition one part of the meeting to another. For example, you can say: "Since everyone thinks that joint operation is the only way to make our factory develop and grow, then, which regions and which units to engage in joint operation?" Please provide some exact information. Such a transition from the previous to the next can also lead the discussion to a deeper level.

9. Persuasion

At the seminar, some people used harsh words against dissenting people and stabbed others; Others spoke too much and monopolized the room. At this time, the host should use euphemistic words to make appropriate persuasion. For example: "Xiao Li's speech is also a good opinion, and from a positive understanding, there is a reasonable part, and there should be no too much criticism." Besides, the speaker is not guilty! Everybody can talk! "The discussion will have to express their opinions and let everyone speak, Xiao Cai has said it several times, which can be regarded as a family's words. One or twenty people will be one or twenty families, and it is best to contend with a hundred schools. There are still more than 10 people who have not spoken, so please tell us all! ”